The American Flag Grows: Vermont, Kentucky, and the Birth of the 15-Star Flag

On January 13, 1794, President George Washington signed a historic act that reshaped the American flag and reflected the early expansion of the United States. This pivotal legislation added two stars and two stripes to the flag, symbolizing the inclusion of Vermont and Kentucky into the Union. This event marked a significant moment in U.S. history, highlighting the nation's growth and the evolution of its most iconic symbol.

Vermont and Kentucky Join the Union

Vermont became the 14th state on March 4, 1791, after breaking away from New York and successfully resolving boundary disputes. Shortly after, Kentucky followed as the 15th state on June 1, 1792, separating from Virginia. These additions were milestones in the young nation’s expansion, as it began to define its borders and welcome new members into the fold.

The Redesign of the American Flag

To honor the admission of Vermont and Kentucky, Congress passed the Flag Act of 1794. This legislation increased the number of stars and stripes on the American flag from 13 to 15, representing the original 13 colonies and the two new states. The updated flag became an enduring emblem of the United States’ commitment to unity and growth.

The 15-star, 15-stripe flag, often called the "Star-Spangled Banner," was flown for the next 23 years. It famously inspired Francis Scott Key to write what would later become the U.S. national anthem during the War of 1812.

A Change That Didn’t Last

While the 15-stripe design symbolized inclusivity, it presented a challenge as the country continued to expand. With each new state requiring an additional star and stripe, the flag’s design risked becoming impractical. In 1818, Congress revised the Flag Act, reverting to 13 stripes to honor the original colonies and adding a star for each new state.

The Legacy of Washington’s Decision

President George Washington’s approval of Vermont and Kentucky joining the Union and the subsequent flag redesign reflect the early ideals of unity and representation. The event reminds us of the challenges and triumphs faced by the fledgling nation as it sought to forge its identity.

Today, the American flag’s evolution tells the story of a growing nation and serves as a symbol of unity and perseverance. The 15-star flag remains a cherished part of U.S. history, representing an era of transformation and ambition.